The shutdown lasted 35 days, making it the longest in US history, and led to around 800,000 federal workers being furloughed or working without pay. In December 2018, the US federal government shut down when lawmakers failed to reach agreement on a budget or, at least, a continuing resolution. Legislative gridlock, the inability of legislative bodies to pass legislation, is a key concern of democratic politics. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Shaw Group did not provide financial support of any kind.Ĭompeting interests: Lasse Holbøll Westh Nielsen is currently employed at the D. Lasse Holbøll Westh Nielsen contributed to the paper while he was a graduate student at the University of Copenhagen. The funder did not did not have any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The original data source for party seat shares and control of state legislatures is Carl Klarner's “State Partisan Balance Data, 1937 to 2011”, hdl:1902.1/20403, Harvard Dataverse, V1.įunding: The activities of Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI) are financed by a grant from the Danish National Research Foundation (Grant number DNRF134). Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. The raw data used for constructing individual legislator outcomes is from Klarner, C.E, W.D. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files. Received: JAccepted: FebruPublished: March 2, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Andersen et al. Ha, Sogang University (South Korea), REPUBLIC OF KOREA We find strong support for collective electoral accountability with voters punishing incumbent members of state legislature majority parties.Ĭitation: Andersen AL, Lassen DD, Nielsen LHW (2020) Irresponsible parties, responsible voters? Legislative gridlock and collective accountability. Based on established theories of party organization in American politics, we develop three competing theoretical hypotheses to guide our understanding of the observed patterns of retrospective voting. We argue, based on evidence from twenty years of budget enactment data, that voters hold state legislators accountable for budget gridlock in US state governments, with gridlocked incumbents losing their seat more often than incumbents passing budgets on time. We focus on the passage of the government budget, the central task of any legislature, and define a legislature to experience budgetary gridlock if it fails to pass the budget on time. Can voters counter such political dysfunction? This paper examines whether and how voters hold politicians accountable for gridlock. Legislative gridlock is a failure of one of the key functions of government: to pass legislation.
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